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Abstract Rhodopseudomonas palustris is a model microorganism for studying the anaerobic metabolism of aromatic compounds. While it is well documented which aromatics can serve as sole organic carbon sources, co-metabolism of other aromatics is poorly understood. This study used kinetic modeling to analyze the simultaneous degradation of aromatic compounds present in corn stover hydrolysates and model the co-metabolism of aromatics not known to support growth of R. palustris as sole organic substrates. The simulation predicted that p -coumaroyl amide and feruloyl amide were hydrolyzed to p -coumaric acid and ferulic acid, respectively, and further transformed via p -coumaroyl-CoA and feruloyl-CoA. The modeling also suggested that metabolism of p -hydroxyphenyl aromatics was slowed by substrate inhibition, whereas the transformation of guaiacyl aromatics was inhibited by their p -hydroxyphenyl counterparts. It also predicted that substrate channeling may occur during degradation of p -coumaroyl-CoA and feruloyl-CoA, resulting in no detectable accumulation of p -hydroxybenzaldehyde and vanillin, during the transformation of these CoA ligated compounds to p- hydroxybenzoic acid and vanillic acid, respectively. While the simulation correctly represented the known transformation of p -hydroxybenzoic acid via the benzoyl-CoA pathway, it also suggested co-metabolism of vanillic acid and syringic acid, which are known not to serve as photoheterotrophic growth substrate for R. palustris . 

Abstract Multiferroics are a unique class of materials where magnetic and ferroelectric orders coexist. The research on multiferroics contributes significantly to the fundamental understanding of the strong correlations between different material degrees of freedom and provides an energy‐efficient route toward the electrical control of magnetism. While multiple ABO₃oxide perovskites are identified as being multiferroic, their magnetoelectric coupling strength is often weak, necessitating the material search in different compounds. Here, the observation of room‐temperature multiferroic orders in multi‐anion SrNbO_3−xN_xthin films is reported. In these samples, the multi‐anion state enables the room‐temperature ferromagnetic ordering of the Nb d‐electrons. Simultaneously, ferroelectric responses that originate from the structural symmetry breaking associated are found with both the off‐center displacements of Nb and the geometric displacements of Sr, depending on the relative O‐N arrangements within the Nb‐centered octahedra. The findings not only diversify the available multiferroic material pool but also demonstrate a new multiferroism design strategy via multi‐anion engineering.